在濟(jì)南的城市建設(shè)進(jìn)程中，工地大門是每個(gè)建筑工地的重要組成部分，它不僅是工地的出入口標(biāo)志，更在安全管理、形象展示等方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。從尺寸規(guī)格到制作樣式，再到嚴(yán)格的管理規(guī)定，濟(jì)南工地大門有著一套完整且細(xì)致的要求。

In the process of urban construction in Jinan, the construction site gate is an important component of every construction site. It is not only the entrance and exit sign of the construction site, but also plays a key role in safety management, image display, and other aspects. From size specifications to production styles, and then to strict management regulations, Jinan construction site gates have a complete and detailed set of requirements.

尺寸規(guī)范：保障通行與安全

Dimensional specifications: ensuring passage and safety

濟(jì)南工地大門的尺寸設(shè)定有著明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以適配各類施工場(chǎng)景。在寬度方面，通常要求在 5 米以上，這是為了確保大型施工車輛，如混凝土攪拌車、渣土車等能夠順利進(jìn)出。這些大型車輛體積龐大，只有足夠?qū)挼拇箝T才能保證它們通行順暢，避免因通道狹窄而造成刮擦、擁堵等情況，進(jìn)而保障施工材料的及時(shí)運(yùn)輸和施工進(jìn)度的正常推進(jìn)。

The size setting of the gate of Jinan construction site has clear standards to adapt to various construction scenarios. In terms of width, it is usually required to be at least 5 meters to ensure the smooth entry and exit of large construction vehicles such as concrete mixer trucks and dump trucks. These large vehicles have a huge volume, and only wide enough doors can ensure their smooth passage, avoiding situations such as scratches and congestion caused by narrow passages, thereby ensuring the timely transportation of construction materials and the normal progress of construction progress.

而在高度上，一般介于 2.5 米至 4 米之間。這個(gè)高度范圍既能滿足常見建筑材料的運(yùn)輸需求，比如較長(zhǎng)的鋼梁、大型預(yù)制構(gòu)件等，又考慮到了施工場(chǎng)地內(nèi)一些機(jī)械設(shè)備的高度限制，同時(shí)也不會(huì)因過高而影響整體的穩(wěn)定性和安全性。例如，當(dāng)進(jìn)行高層建筑物施工時(shí)，需要吊運(yùn)大型建筑材料，合適高度的大門能讓這些材料順利進(jìn)出工地。

In terms of height, it is generally between 2.5 meters and 4 meters. This height range can meet the transportation needs of common building materials, such as longer steel beams, large prefabricated components, etc., while also considering the height limitations of some mechanical equipment in the construction site. At the same time, it will not affect the overall stability and safety due to excessive height. For example, when constructing high-rise buildings, it is necessary to lift large building materials, and a gate of appropriate height can allow these materials to enter and exit the construction site smoothly.

制作樣式：實(shí)用與美觀兼具

Production style: combining practicality and aesthetics

無(wú)門樓式大門：這類大門結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)潔，門扇通常采用方鋼焊接框架，再在表面鋪設(shè)彩鋼板。以常見的尺寸為例，門扇寬 6 米 ×1.95 米，這種規(guī)格能滿足大多數(shù)小型車輛和人員的日常進(jìn)出。門柱一般為 0.8 米 ×0.8 米，可以是磚砌結(jié)構(gòu)，完成后進(jìn)行抹灰、刮白處理，并噴上藍(lán)漆白字，起到醒目的標(biāo)識(shí)作用；也可用型鋼制作，增強(qiáng)其堅(jiān)固性。在門柱兩側(cè)，往往會(huì)各配備一盞景觀燈，不僅在夜間為大門區(qū)域提供照明，還能提升工地的整體形象。

Gateless style gate: This type of gate has a relatively simple structure, and the door leaf is usually made of square steel welded frame, with colored steel plates laid on the surface. Taking the common size as an example, the door leaf is 6 meters wide by 1.95 meters, which can meet the daily entry and exit needs of most small vehicles and personnel. The pillar is generally 0.8 meters by 0.8 meters and can be a brick structure. After completion, it is plastered, scraped white, and sprayed with blue paint and white letters to serve as a prominent identification; It can also be made of steel sections to enhance its rigidity. On both sides of the gatepost, there is often a landscape light installed, which not only provides illumination for the gate area at night, but also enhances the overall image of the construction site.

有門樓式大門：相比無(wú)門樓式，有門樓式大門更具視覺沖擊力，也更能體現(xiàn)企業(yè)的品牌形象。門柱尺寸一般為 800×800mm，采用磚砌后進(jìn)行抹灰、刮白，并噴藍(lán)底漆白字，突出信息展示。門頭則是其亮點(diǎn)所在，通常長(zhǎng) 7.6 米 × 寬 0.8 米 × 高 1 米，使用方圓型鋼制作框架，再覆蓋廣告布或者 0.5mm 以上金屬板材進(jìn)行噴繪，以藍(lán)底白字居多，展示企業(yè)名稱、項(xiàng)目名稱、宣傳標(biāo)語(yǔ)等內(nèi)容，在城市中形成一道獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景線，同時(shí)也起到了一定的廣告宣傳效果。

Gated style entrance: Compared to the gateless style, a gatehouse style entrance has a more visual impact and better reflects the brand image of the enterprise. The size of the door post is generally 800 × 800mm, which is built with bricks and then plastered, scraped white, and sprayed with blue primer and white text to highlight the information display. The storefront is its highlight, usually measuring 7.6 meters in length, 0.8 meters in width, and 1 meter in height. It is made of square steel frame and covered with advertising cloth or metal sheet with a thickness of 0.5mm or more for spray painting. The blue background and white text are mostly used to display the company name, project name, promotional slogans, and other content, forming a unique landscape in the city and also playing a certain advertising and promotional role.

安裝要點(diǎn)：穩(wěn)固與精準(zhǔn)

Installation points: stability and precision

地基處理：在安裝工地大門前，首先要對(duì)地基進(jìn)行處理。方開挖后，需采用立式汽油機(jī)壓實(shí)地基土層，確保壓實(shí)系數(shù)大于或等于 95%，以保證地基的穩(wěn)定性。若兩柱腳側(cè)墻泥土松動(dòng)，必須立模處理，模板要具備足夠的剛度、強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性，嚴(yán)格按照現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)范操作，確保地基的形狀、尺寸和截面尺寸準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。模板支設(shè)完畢后，要進(jìn)行二次施工放樣，精確確定門柱和導(dǎo)軌的位置，為后續(xù)埋件與導(dǎo)軌的焊接做好充分準(zhǔn)備。

Foundation treatment: Before installing the gate of the construction site, the foundation must be treated first. After excavation, a vertical gasoline engine should be used to compact the soil layer of the foundation, ensuring that the compaction coefficient is greater than or equal to 95% to ensure the stability of the foundation. If the soil on the side walls of the two column bases becomes loose, formwork must be erected for treatment. The formwork must have sufficient rigidity, strength, and stability, and must be operated strictly in accordance with current relevant specifications to ensure the accuracy of the shape, size, and cross-sectional dimensions of the foundation. After the template installation is completed, a secondary construction layout should be carried out to accurately determine the positions of the door posts and guide rails, in order to make sufficient preparations for the welding of subsequent embedded parts and guide rails.

埋件與導(dǎo)軌安裝：在 10 米的入口段，每隔 2 米需用電錘在原石混凝土基礎(chǔ)兩側(cè)鉆孔，安裝 15 厘米長(zhǎng)的膨脹螺栓（若在沒有混凝土墊層的區(qū)域，則使用 22 根長(zhǎng)直徑鋼筋，并將其推到地下土層進(jìn)行錨定），然后焊接 10 毫米厚、100mm×60mm、高 460 毫米的方形管道，用于安裝和固定導(dǎo)軌。三柱基礎(chǔ)在四個(gè)角處用鋼筋錨固，再與嵌入式框架焊接。特別要注意的是，所有埋件的頂高應(yīng)保證導(dǎo)軌槽鋼放置后的頂高達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高度且處于水平面上，同時(shí)將導(dǎo)軌和兩柱基礎(chǔ)座的鋼板牢固焊接，確保整體結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)固性。

Installation of embedded parts and guide rails: At the entrance section of 10 meters, an electric hammer is used to drill holes on both sides of the original stone concrete foundation every 2 meters, install 15 centimeter long expansion bolts (if there is no concrete cushion layer in the area, 22 long diameter steel bars are used and pushed to the underground soil layer for anchoring), and then weld a 10mm thick, 100mm x 60mm, 460mm high square pipe for installing and fixing the guide rails. The three column foundation is anchored with steel bars at the four corners and welded to the embedded frame. It should be noted that the top height of all embedded parts should ensure that the top height of the guide rail channel steel after placement reaches the standard height and is on a horizontal plane. At the same time, the steel plates of the guide rail and the two column foundation seats should be firmly welded to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

大門安裝：以常見的濟(jì)南工地大門為例，門葉長(zhǎng) 11 米，高 2.5 米。外框采用 5mm 厚、120mmx60mm 的扁鋼焊接而成，內(nèi)框焊接壁厚 5mm、長(zhǎng)寬 60mmx6mm 的方鋼管，共 21 根，間距 500mm，以增強(qiáng)門扇的強(qiáng)度。門扇面板用 0.78mm 厚的彩鋼板用鉚釘固定在門框表面，起到防護(hù)和美觀的作用。在門下高度 200mm、寬度 120mm 的鋼板兩側(cè)固定焊接直徑 160mm、厚度 60mm 的四個(gè)鋼輪，用于支撐門扇在導(dǎo)軌上滑動(dòng)；門框上部用 50mm×50mm×5mm 角鋼作為支架和門柱焊接，并固定八個(gè)直徑 80mm、高 70mm 的小橡膠輪，用以固定門扇。由于閘門重量較大，安裝時(shí)需要使用 20 噸汽車吊，先將門扇吊起，由操作人員焊接閘門底輪，使其在導(dǎo)軌上前后滑動(dòng)并固定，調(diào)試成功后再對(duì)門上小輪進(jìn)行調(diào)試固定，焊接時(shí)要鎖住車門固定裝置。安裝完畢后，對(duì)各焊接點(diǎn)進(jìn)行防腐處理，刷防銹漆三遍，然后對(duì)閘門進(jìn)行清洗，最后按要求在門柱、大門的正面和背面刷漆，正面可刷公司形象圖案設(shè)計(jì)，提升工地整體形象。

Gate installation: Taking the common Jinan construction site gate as an example, the gate leaf is 11 meters long and 2.5 meters high. The outer frame is welded with 5mm thick, 120mmx60mm flat steel, and the inner frame is welded with 21 square steel pipes with a wall thickness of 5mm and a length and width of 60mmx6mm, spaced 500mm apart, to enhance the strength of the door leaf. The door panel is fixed to the surface of the door frame with 0.78mm thick color steel plate and rivets, providing protection and aesthetics. Four steel wheels with a diameter of 160mm and a thickness of 60mm are fixed and welded on both sides of a steel plate with a height of 200mm and a width of 120mm under the door to support the sliding of the door leaf on the guide rail; The upper part of the door frame is supported by 50mm × 50mm × 5mm angle steel and welded to the door post, and eight small rubber wheels with a diameter of 80mm and a height of 70mm are fixed to fix the door leaf. Due to the large weight of the gate, a 20 ton truck crane is required for installation. The door leaf is first lifted, and the operator welds the bottom wheel of the gate to slide forward and backward on the guide rail and fix it. After successful debugging, the small wheel on the door is adjusted and fixed, and the door fixing device is locked during welding. After installation, anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out on each welding point, and anti rust paint should be applied three times. Then, the gate should be cleaned, and finally the front and back of the door post and gate should be painted as required. The front can be painted with the company's image design to enhance the overall image of the construction site.

管理規(guī)定：嚴(yán)守安全與秩序

Management regulations: Strictly abide by safety and order

人員管理：施工單位需安排專門的管理人員，24 小時(shí)值班負(fù)責(zé)大門的開閉、進(jìn)出人員和車輛的管理以及安全檢查等工作。這些管理人員必須接受相關(guān)安全管理和技能培訓(xùn)，考核合格后方可上崗。上崗時(shí)要佩戴統(tǒng)一的工作服和工作證，便于識(shí)別和管理。他們要嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行檢查、登記、記錄等程序，對(duì)所有進(jìn)出工地的人員進(jìn)行身份驗(yàn)證和安全檢查，杜絕無(wú)關(guān)人員進(jìn)入工地，保障施工區(qū)域的安全。

Personnel management: The construction unit needs to arrange dedicated management personnel who are on duty 24 hours a day to be responsible for the opening and closing of the gate, the management of personnel and vehicles entering and exiting, and safety inspections. These management personnel must receive relevant safety management and skill training, and pass the assessment before they can take up their posts. When on duty, it is necessary to wear uniform and work permit for easy identification and management. They must strictly implement inspection, registration, recording and other procedures, verify the identity and conduct safety checks on all personnel entering and leaving the construction site, prevent unrelated personnel from entering the construction site, and ensure the safety of the construction area.

設(shè)施管理：工地進(jìn)出口處必須配備相應(yīng)數(shù)量的監(jiān)控設(shè)備，并且保證設(shè)備能正常工作，以便實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控大門區(qū)域的情況，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和處理異常事件。同時(shí)，要安裝有效的防護(hù)設(shè)施，如可靠的門禁系統(tǒng)，控制人員和車輛的進(jìn)出權(quán)限；車輛限高限寬設(shè)施，防止超高超寬車輛損壞大門或影響施工安全；速度減速帶，提醒車輛減速慢行；指示牌和警示標(biāo)識(shí)，引導(dǎo)車輛和人員安全通行。

Facility management: The entrance and exit of the construction site must be equipped with a corresponding number of monitoring devices, and ensure that the devices can work normally, in order to monitor the situation in the gate area in real time, detect and handle abnormal events in a timely manner. At the same time, effective protective facilities should be installed, such as reliable access control systems, to control the entry and exit permissions of personnel and vehicles; Vehicle height and width restriction facilities to prevent vehicles with excessive height and width from damaging the gate or affecting construction safety; Speed bumps remind vehicles to slow down and travel slowly; Signboards and warning signs guide vehicles and personnel to safely pass through.

車輛管理：工地進(jìn)出口處需設(shè)置專門的車輛通行區(qū)域，對(duì)進(jìn)出車輛進(jìn)行合理的安全管控。所有進(jìn)出車輛必須在大門管理處進(jìn)行登記，包括車輛信息、進(jìn)出時(shí)間、運(yùn)輸貨物等。土石方運(yùn)輸車輛較多時(shí)，要結(jié)合實(shí)際情況在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)置車輛拐點(diǎn)，提高運(yùn)輸效率?，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)自卸汽車司機(jī)要持證上崗，并定期檢查和維護(hù)車輛的制動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)，確保行車安全。每天還要對(duì)進(jìn)場(chǎng)道路進(jìn)行清掃，保證道路的清潔、暢通，避免因道路雜物影響車輛通行和施工環(huán)境。

Vehicle management: A dedicated vehicle passage area should be set up at the entrance and exit of the construction site to provide reasonable safety control for incoming and outgoing vehicles. All vehicles entering and exiting must be registered at the gate management office, including vehicle information, entry and exit time, transported goods, etc. When there are many vehicles transporting earth and stone, vehicle turning points should be set up at the construction site according to the actual situation to improve transportation efficiency. On site dump truck drivers must hold certificates and regularly inspect and maintain the vehicle's braking and steering systems to ensure driving safety. Every day, the access roads must be cleaned to ensure cleanliness and smoothness, and to avoid the impact of road debris on vehicle traffic and construction environment.

濟(jì)南工地大門從設(shè)計(jì)、制作、安裝到管理，每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都緊密相連，共同為建筑工地的安全、有序施工提供保障。隨著城市建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展，工地大門也在不斷優(yōu)化和完善，以更好地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化施工的需求。

The gate of Jinan construction site is closely connected from design, production, installation to management, providing a guarantee for the safe and orderly construction of the construction site. With the continuous development of urban construction, the construction site gate is also constantly optimized and improved to better meet the needs of modern construction.

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