普通的配電箱通常防護措施都不是很多，一旦出現(xiàn)火災(zāi)的事故就會擴散點燃源并且有可能會成為爆炸的發(fā)生點，那么引起配電箱起火的主要因素是哪些？

Ordinary distribution boxes usually do not have many protective measures. Once a fire accident occurs, it can spread to the ignition source and potentially become the point of explosion. So, what are the main factors that cause a fire in a distribution box?

　?。?）漏電火災(zāi)

(1) Leakage fire

　　漏電就是說線路的某一處因為某種因素導致電線的絕緣或支架材料自身的絕緣能力下降，從而導致線路之間導線與地面有電流通過，而這種就是明顯的漏電情況。當配電箱發(fā)生漏電的情況時泄露的電流在流入大地途中如果遇到電阻較大的部分時，就會產(chǎn)生局部的高溫現(xiàn)象從而導致附近的易燃物起火引發(fā)火災(zāi)事故。

Leakage refers to a situation where the insulation of a wire or the insulation capacity of the support material itself decreases due to certain factors in a certain part of the circuit, resulting in the passage of current between the wires and the ground. This is an obvious leakage situation. When there is leakage in the distribution box, if the leaked current flows into the ground and encounters a part with high resistance, it will generate local high temperature phenomenon, leading to nearby flammable materials catching fire and causing fire accidents.

　?。?）短路火災(zāi)

(2) Short circuit fire

　　電氣線路中的裸導線或是絕緣導線出現(xiàn)破損情況時，火線與鄰線地線產(chǎn)生接觸是就會引起電流增大，這也就是我們常說的短路情況。而短路時電阻會較少電流增大，并且會瞬間造成很大的發(fā)熱量，當超過了線路正常工作發(fā)熱量時短路點很容易產(chǎn)生電火花或電弧，而產(chǎn)生的電火花電弧會迅速的將絕緣層點燃，從而引起附近可燃物起火造成火災(zāi)危險。

When bare or insulated wires in electrical circuits are damaged, the contact between live wires and adjacent ground wires will cause an increase in current, which is commonly known as a short circuit situation. When there is a short circuit, the resistance will decrease and the current will increase, and it will instantly cause a large amount of heat generation. When the heat generated exceeds the normal working heat of the circuit, the short circuit point is prone to generating electric sparks or arcs, which will quickly ignite the insulation layer, causing nearby combustibles to catch fire and posing a fire hazard.

　?。?）過負荷火災(zāi)

(3) Overload fire

　　過負荷火災(zāi)的產(chǎn)生原理與短路火災(zāi)是有些相似的，導線中通過的電流量超過規(guī)定的載流量時；

The principle of overload fire is somewhat similar to short-circuit fire, when the current passing through the wire exceeds the specified current carrying capacity;

　　導線溫度會不斷的升高，這就是過負荷。而一旦出現(xiàn)過負荷的情況就會加快絕緣層的老化速度，當出現(xiàn)嚴重的過負荷情況時導線的溫度會不斷地升高，此時就很有可能一起導線絕緣起火。

The wire temperature will continue to rise, which is overload. Once an overload occurs, it will accelerate the aging rate of the insulation layer. When a serious overload occurs, the temperature of the wire will continue to rise, and it is very likely that the wire insulation will catch fire together.

　?。?）接觸電阻過大火災(zāi)

(4) Fire caused by excessive contact resistance

　　在較大電流通過的電氣線路時，如果在某個地方出現(xiàn)接觸電阻過大的現(xiàn)象時，就會在接觸電阻過大的局部范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生極大的熱量，使金屬變色甚熔化，引起導線的絕緣層發(fā)生燃燒，并引燃燒附近的可燃物或?qū)Ь€上積落的粉塵、纖維等，從而造成火災(zāi)。

When a large current passes through an electrical circuit, if there is a phenomenon of excessive contact resistance in a certain area, it will generate great heat within the local range of the excessive contact resistance, causing the metal to change color or even melt, causing the insulation layer of the wire to burn, and igniting nearby combustibles or dust, fibers, etc. accumulated on the wire, thereby causing a fire.

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